Legendary Scientists & Seminal Inventions
The advancement of human civilization rests upon groundbreaking principles formulated by legendary scientists across physics, chemistry, astronomy, and biology. Sir Isaac Newton laid the foundation of classical mechanics in his 1687 treatise 'Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica', detailing the three universal laws of motion and universal gravitation. Albert Einstein reshaped modern physics with his 1905 Special Theory of Relativity and the photoelectric effect law (for which he won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics), followed by General Relativity in 1915. Charles Darwin formulated the theory of evolution by natural selection in 'On the Origin of Species' (1859). In India, Sir C. V. Raman identified the inelastic scattering of light (Raman Effect) on 28 February 1928, while Jagadish Chandra Bose pioneered radio waves and plant physiology.
Key Concepts & Examination Highlights
- Sir Isaac Newton formulated the three laws of motion and universal gravitation in his 1687 work Principia Mathematica.
- Albert Einstein was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for his mathematical explanation of the photoelectric effect law.
- Sir C. V. Raman identified the Raman Effect on 28 February 1928, an achievement celebrated annually as National Science Day in India.
- Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, proposing natural selection as the mechanism of evolutionary change.
- Jagadish Chandra Bose invented the crescograph to measure plant growth and pioneered millimetre-wave radio communication.